Natural origin silica reinforced dual fiber matrices for bone tissue engineering

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2020-10

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Dalgıç, Ali Deniz

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Graft therapy is used to treat bone tissue loss, which has drawbacks; donor scarcity, risk of disease transmission and immune reaction. Tissue engineering scaffolds can overcome these drawbacks. In this study, a 3D scaffold that will support tissue regeneration at defect site was developed using mainly natural materials. Scaffold was produced by co-electrospinning and had two distinct fiber phases; first fiber phase was produced from a bacterial origin polymer, Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and small amount of Polycaprolactone (PCL) to support fiber structure, second fiber phase was formed by pullulan (PUL) polymer and diatom silica shells (DS) from single cell algae origin. Also, in the study, PHBV production by Cupriavidus necator bacterial strain was optimized and used to produce scaffold groups. PHBV/PCL/CA:PUL/DS scaffold group was produced as dual fiber matrix and a new crosslinking method for PUL was developed for crosslinking through electrospinning. Cefuroxime Axetil (CA) antibiotic was loaded into hydrophobic PHBV fibers to sustain antibiotic release from scaffold. Characterization studies revealed that, in aqueous environment scaffold degrade slowly, take less water and has stable structure, support controlled release of antibiotic and improved compressive strength due to incorporated DS and double fiber structure. In vitro studies revealed that DS bearing groups improved Saos-2 cell viability and co-electrospun groups that have hydrophilic PUL fibers supported L929 cell viability. Scanning electrone microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses showed that cells distributed through co-electrospun scaffold with healthy morphology. In the study, a novel, 3D, dual fiber scaffold was produced with natural origin base materials and has potential to be used for bone tissue engineering applications.

Subject Keywords

Bone Tissue Engineering, Diatom, Co-Electrospinning, Pullulan, Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)

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https://hdl.handle.net/11511/69273

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

A. D. Dalgıç, “Natural origin silica reinforced dual fiber matrices for bone tissue engineering,” Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University, 2020.